Complete List of All Countries with their Capitals and Currencies: The Ultimate Guide for Students and Exam Preparation 2025
Introduction: Understanding Country Capital Currency in a Global Context
The comprehensive study of country capital currency information represents one of the most fundamental pillars of general knowledge, geography, and competitive exam preparation. Every country capital currency serves as a critical marker of national identity, economic strength, and geopolitical importance. For students preparing for UPSC, SSC, banking exams, CAT, NMAT, and other entrance examinations, mastering the complete list of country capital currency facts across all 195 nations becomes absolutely essential. This exhaustive guide provides data-backed pointers, detailed tables, and extensive analysis covering the complete country capital currency landscape of 2025.
- Section 1: Quick Facts on Country Capital, Currency, and Global Governance
Global Country Count and Regional Distribution
As of 2025, there are 195 recognized countries in the world. Understanding the regional distribution of these nations helps students systematize their country capital currency learning:
| Region | Number of Countries | Percentage of Total | Average Countries per Continent |
|---|
| Africa | 54 | 27.7% | Largest continent by country count |
| Asia | 48 | 24.6% | Most populous continent |
| Europe | 44 | 22.6% | Most developed continent |
| North America | 23 | 11.8% | Includes Caribbean nations |
| South America | 12 | 6.2% | Smallest continental grouping |
| Oceania | 14 | 7.2% | Island nations and territories |
| TOTAL | 195 | 100% | Global Standard |
Each country capital currency combination represents a unique nation with distinctive governance structures, economic systems, and trade relationships. Students focusing on country capital currency mastery must recognize that this knowledge extends beyond memorization—it encompasses understanding economic connectivity, political alignments, and historical context.byjus+1​
Section 2: Detailed Country Capital Currency Analysis by Continent
2.1 Africa: 54 Countries with Diverse Currency Systems
Africa's country capital currency landscape reflects tremendous diversity, with multiple currency systems and colonial heritage impacts:
West African Countries - Currency Unification Pattern
| Country | Capital | Currency | Currency Code | Notes on Country Capital Currency |
|---|
| Benin | Porto-Novo | West African CFA Franc | XOF | Official capital; Cotonou is economic hub |
| Burkina Faso | Ouagadougou | West African CFA Franc | XOF | CFA Franc shared among 8 West African countries |
| Côte d'Ivoire | Yamoussoukro | West African CFA Franc | XOF | Largest economy in West Africa by country capital currency relevance |
| Gambia | Banjul | Dalasi | GMD | Only English-speaking West African nation |
| Ghana | Accra | Ghanaian Cedi | GHS | Uses own currency despite regional CFA presence |
| Guinea | Conakry | Guinean Franc | GNF | Maintains independent currency system |
| Guinea-Bissau | Bissau | West African CFA Franc | XOF | Joined CFA zone in 1997 |
| Liberia | Monrovia | Liberian Dollar | LRD | Named capital after President James Monroe |
| Mali | Bamako | West African CFA Franc | XOF | CFA Franc user with strategic location |
| Mauritania | Nouakchott | Mauritanian Ouguiya | MRU | Shares Arabic language with North African countries |
| Niger | Niamey | West African CFA Franc | XOF | CFA Franc adoption reflects regional integration |
| Nigeria | Abuja | Nigerian Naira | NGN | Most populous African nation; relocated capital in 1991 |
| Senegal | Dakar | West African CFA Franc | XOF | Gateway to West Africa; CFA Franc user |
| Sierra Leone | Freetown | Sierra Leonean Leone | SLL | Independent currency despite regional trends |
| Togo | Lomé | West African CFA Franc | XOF | Coastal nation with CFA Franc adoption |
Key Insight on Country Capital Currency in West Africa: Fourteen West African countries use the West African CFA Franc (XOF), representing one of the most significant country capital currency standardization efforts outside the Eurozone. This currency union reflects France's historical colonial influence and ongoing economic relationships.indif+1​
Central African Countries - CFA Franc and Franc Proliferation
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Landlocked Status | Country Capital Currency Context |
|---|
| Cameroon | Yaoundé | Central African CFA Franc | XAF | No | Largest Central African economy |
| Central African Republic | Bangui | Central African CFA Franc | XAF | Yes | Landlocked; unstable country capital, currency system |
| Chad | N'Djamena | Central African CFA Franc | XAF | Yes | Double-landlocked central position |
| Congo (Republic of) | Brazzaville | Central African CFA Franc | XAF | No | Oil-rich nation; strategic river location |
| Equatorial Guinea | Malabo | Central African CFA Franc | XAF | No | Spanish-speaking African nation |
| Gabon | Libreville | Central African CFA Franc | XAF | No | Oil exporter; coastal nation |
| São Tomé and PrÃncipe | São Tomé | Dobra | STN | No | Island nation; independent currency |
East African Countries - Shilling Belt and Independent Currencies
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Population (millions) | GDP Per Capita | Country Capital Currency Significance |
|---|
| Burundi | Gitega | Burundian Franc | BIF | 11.9 | $233 | Two capitals: Gitega (official) & Bujumbura (economic) |
| Comoros | Moroni | Comorian Franc | KMF | 0.85 | $1,654 | Island nation; three-island federation |
| Djibouti | Djibouti City | Djiboutian Franc | DJF | 0.96 | $3,097 | Strategic Red Sea location; country capital currency critical |
| Eritrea | Asmara | Eritrean Nakfa | ERN | 5.4 | $812 | Isolated nation; limited international trade |
| Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | Ethiopian Birr | ETB | 135.5 | $995 | Most populous landlocked nation; African Union HQ |
| Kenya | Nairobi | Kenyan Shilling | KES | 54.0 | $2,240 | East African economic powerhouse |
| Madagascar | Antananarivo | Malagasy Ariary | MGA | 30.0 | $509 | Island nation; unique currency system |
| Mauritius | Port Louis | Mauritian Rupee | MUR | 1.3 | $12,050 | Highest GDP per capita in Africa for country capital currency analysis |
| Rwanda | Kigali | Rwandan Franc | RWF | 13.9 | $1,139 | Post-genocide recovery; landlocked nation |
| Seychelles | Victoria | Seychellois Rupee | SCR | 0.13 | $16,240 | Smallest African nation by population |
| Somalia | Mogadishu | Somali Shilling | SOS | 18.1 | $379 | Fragile state; country capital currency system unstable |
| South Sudan | Juba | South Sudanese Pound | SSP | 11.5 | $310 | Newest African nation (2011); youngest country by country capital currency measures |
| Tanzania | Dodoma | Tanzanian Shilling | TZS | 65.5 | $1,293 | Two capitals: Dodoma (official) & Dar es Salaam (economic) |
| Uganda | Kampala | Ugandan Shilling | UGX | 48.3 | $975 | Landlocked; shilling currency zone member |
Southern African Countries - Advanced Economies and Unique Capital Systems
| Country | Capital Configuration | Currency | Code | GDP Per Capita | Special Country Capital Currency Features |
|---|
| Angola | Luanda | Angolan Kwanza | AOA | $2,351 | Oil-dependent economy; currency volatility |
| Botswana | Gaborone | Botswana Pula | BWP | $9,853 | Strongest southern African economy post-apartheid |
| Eswatini | Mbabane & Lobamba | Lilangeni | SZL | $3,570 | Dual capital system (administrative & royal) |
| Lesotho | Maseru | Lesotho Loti | LSL | $1,584 | Only African nation completely surrounded by single country |
| Malawi | Lilongwe | Malawian Kwacha | MWK | $706 | Relocated capital from Zomba; country capital currency shift |
| Mozambique | Maputo | Mozambican Metical | MZN | $559 | High inflation; currency depreciation issues |
| Namibia | Windhoek | Namibian Dollar | NAD | $5,250 | Pegged to South African Rand |
| South Africa | Pretoria/Cape Town/Bloemfontein | South African Rand | ZAR | $6,891 | Only country with THREE capitals (executive, legislative, judicial) |
| Zambia | Lusaka | Zambian Kwacha | ZMK | $1,312 | Debt challenges; currency stability concerns |
| Zimbabwe | Harare | Zimbabwean Dollar/USD | ZWL/USD | $2,041 | Official dollarization after hyperinflation; country capital currency hybrid system |
Critical Analysis Point: The country capital currency systems in Southern Africa demonstrate significant economic variation, from Mauritius's high per capita wealth ($12,050) to Zimbabwe's currency crisis management ($2,041). This diversity is essential knowledge for competitive exam preparation and understanding African development trajectories.economictimes+1​
2.2 Asia: 48 Countries Representing Half the World's Population
Asia's country capital currency complexity stems from its immense diversity, encompassing the world's most populous nations, fastest-growing economies, and unique currency arrangements:
South Asian Country Capital Currency (8 Countries)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Population | Key Features for Country Capital Currency Learning |
|---|
| Afghanistan | Kabul | Afghani | AFN | 38.9M | Landlocked; unstable currency due to political turmoil |
| Bangladesh | Dhaka | Bangladeshi Taka | BDT | 175.7M | Third most populous country globally; rapidly developing economy |
| Bhutan | Thimphu | Ngultrum | BTN | 0.77M | Uses Ngultrum or Indian Rupee; cultural preservation focus |
| India | New Delhi | Indian Rupee | INR | 1,463M | WORLD'S MOST POPULOUS COUNTRY as of 2025vedantu​ |
| Maldives | Malé | Maldivian Rufiyaa | MVR | 0.56M | Island nation; tourism-dependent economy |
| Nepal | Kathmandu | Nepalese Rupee | NPR | 31.0M | Landlocked; uses rupee like India, Pakistan |
| Pakistan | Islamabad | Pakistani Rupee | PKR | 255.2M | Relocated capital from Karachi; strategic location |
| Sri Lanka | Colombo & Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte | Sri Lankan Rupee | LKR | 22.9M | Dual capital arrangement reflecting constitutional vs. commercial roles |
India's Dominance: India surpassed China in 2023 to become the world's most populous country, with approximately 1.46 billion people in 2025. The country capital currency significance of India extends beyond population—it represents the 5th largest economy by nominal GDP ($4.13-4.27 trillion) and 4th largest by purchasing power parity.cleartax+3​
East Asian Country Capital Currency (7 Countries)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | 2025 GDP Ranking | Country Capital Currency Economic Importance |
|---|
| China | Beijing | Renminbi (Yuan) | CNY | 2nd Globalcleartax​ | World's 2nd largest economy at $19.23-19.4 trillioncleartax+1​ |
| Japan | Tokyo | Japanese Yen | JPY | 4th Global | Advanced economy; yen is global reserve currency |
| Mongolia | Ulaanbaatar | Mongolian Tugrik | MNT | Landlocked | Strategic position between Russia and China |
| North Korea | Pyongyang | North Korean Won | KPW | Isolated | Limited international trade; country capital currency irrelevant for most transactions |
| South Korea | Seoul | South Korean Won | KRW | 11-12th Global | Tech powerhouse; strong won reflects development |
| Taiwan | Taipei | New Taiwan Dollar | TWD | Not UN member | Self-governing; strategic economic position |
| Timor-Leste | Dili | United States Dollar | USD | Youngest Asian nation | Uses USD following independence from Indonesia |
Southeast Asian Country Capital Currency (11 Countries)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Notable Features |
|---|
| Brunei | Bandar Seri Begawan | Brunei Dollar | BND | Oil-rich sultanate; pegged to the Singapore Dollar |
| Cambodia | Phnom Penh | Cambodian Riel | KHR | Post-conflict reconstruction; tourist destination |
| Indonesia | Jakarta → Nusantara | Indonesian Rupiah | IDR | 4th most populous country; transitioning capital |
| Laos | Vientiane | Laotian Kip | LAK | Landlocked; communist nation; limited trade |
| Malaysia | Kuala Lumpur & Putrajaya | Malaysian Ringgit | MYR | A dual capital system reflecting the administrative division |
| Myanmar | Naypyidaw | Myanmar Kyat | MMK | Military governance; subject to international sanctions |
| Philippines | Manila | Philippine Peso | PHP | Island nation; English-speaking ASEAN member |
| Singapore | Singapore | Singapore Dollar | SGP | City-state; 4th highest GDP per capita globally at $92,932 |
| Thailand | Bangkok | Thai Baht | THB | Gateway to Southeast Asia; tourism hub |
| Vietnam | Hanoi | Vietnamese Dong | VND | Communist nation; rapidly growing economy |
West & Central Asian Country Capital Currency (13 Countries)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Landlocked | Key Country Capital Currency Facts |
|---|
| Armenia | Yerevan | Armenian Dram | AMD | Yes | Caucasus region; Christian nation |
| Azerbaijan | Baku | Azerbaijani Manat | AZN | No | Oil-rich; Caspian Sea access |
| Bahrain | Manama | Bahraini Dinar | BHD | No | Island nation; highest GDP per capita in Middle East (among BHD users) |
| Cyprus | Nicosia | Euro | EUR | No | EU member; divided island nation |
| Georgia | Tbilisi | Georgian Lari | GEL | No | EU candidate; strategic Caucasus position |
| Iran | Tehran | Iranian Rial | IRR | Yes | Sanctions-affected; currency under pressure |
| Iraq | Baghdad | Iraqi Dinar | IQD | No | Oil producer; reconstruction phase |
| Israel | Jerusalem | Israeli Shekel | ILS | No | Tech powerhouse; highest GDP per capita region |
| Jordan | Amman | Jordanian Dinar | JOD | Yes | Landlocked; regional stability |
| Kuwait | Kuwait City | Kuwaiti Dinar | KWD | No | Highest denomination currency globally |
| Lebanon | Beirut | Lebanese Pound | LBP | No | Currency crisis; hyperinflation |
| Oman | Muscat | Omani Rial | OMR | No | Strategic Strait of Hormuz location |
| Qatar | Doha | Qatari Riyal | QAR | No | Natural gas wealth; highest GDP per capita among Middle Eastern nations |
| Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | Saudi Riyal | SAR | No | Largest Arab economy; oil superpower |
| Syria | Damascus | Syrian Pound | SYP | Yes | War-torn; currency value collapsed |
| Turkey | Ankara | Turkish Lira | TRY | No | Bridge between Europe and Asia |
| UAE | Abu Dhabi | UAE Dirham | AED | No | Modern economic hub; tourism center |
| Yemen | Sana'a | Yemeni Rial | YER | No | Conflict zone; currency instability |
Central Asian Country Capital Currency (5 Landlocked Nations)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Population | Doubly-Landlocked | Strategic Significance |
|---|
| Kazakhstan | Astana | Kazakhstani Tenge | KZT | 19.6M | No | Largest landlocked nation by area |
| Kyrgyzstan | Bishkek | Kyrgyzstani Som | KGS | 6.1M | No | Mountain nation; strategic Chinese border |
| Tajikistan | Dushanbe | Tajikistani Somoni | TJS | 9.1M | No | Poorest Central Asian nation; water resources |
| Turkmenistan | Ashgabat | Turkmenistani Manat | TMT | 5.6M | No | Gas exporter; closed economy |
| Uzbekistan | Tashkent | Uzbekistani Som | UZS | 36.0M | YES | Most populous Central Asia; doubly-landlocked |
Asia Summary - Country Capital Currency Significance: Asia encompasses the world's most dynamic economies and demographic centers. Understanding country capital currency relationships in Asia is critical for competitive exams, particularly regarding:
The Rupee zone (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka)
The Yuan's rising global significance (8.5% of forex trades by Sept 2025)
ASEAN integration and regional currency cooperation
2.3 Europe: 44 Countries with Euro Dominance
Europe's country capital currency landscape is uniquely defined by the European Union's currency union:
Eurozone Countries (20 EU Member States Using Euro)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | EU Member | Adoption Year | Country Capital Currency Notes |
|---|
| Austria | Vienna | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Alpine nation; strong economy |
| Belgium | Brussels | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | EU institutional center |
| Cyprus | Nicosia | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2008 | Island nation; divided capital |
| Croatia | Zagreb | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2023 | Most recent Euro adopter |
| Estonia | Tallinn | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2011 | Baltic digital economy leader |
| Finland | Helsinki | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Nordic nation; tech sector |
| France | Paris | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Major European power |
| Germany | Berlin | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Largest European economy |
| Greece | Athens | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2001 | Birthplace of democracy |
| Ireland | Dublin | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Tech hub; high GDP per capita |
| Italy | Rome | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Historical and cultural center |
| Latvia | Riga | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2014 | Baltic economic integration |
| Lithuania | Vilnius | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2015 | Baltic nation; rapid development |
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg City | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Highest GDP per capita globally: $141,080 |
| Malta | Valletta | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2008 | Mediterranean island; island capital |
| Netherlands | Amsterdam | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Dual capital: Amsterdam (constitutional), The Hague (administrative) |
| Portugal | Lisbon | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Atlantic gateway; tourism |
| Slovakia | Bratislava | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2009 | Central European integration |
| Slovenia | Ljubljana | Euro | EUR | Yes | 2007 | Alpine nation; transition success |
| Spain | Madrid | Euro | EUR | Yes | 1999 | Iberian peninsula power |
Euro Facts for Country Capital Currency Mastery:
20 of Europe's 44 countries use the Euro
The Euro is managed by the European Central Bank (ECB)
Euro adoption represents the most significant country capital currency convergence outside historical empires
Non-Eurozone EU Members (7 EU Nations)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Currency Status |
|---|
| Bulgaria | Sofia | Bulgarian Lev | BGN | Currency board linked to Euro |
| Czech Republic | Prague | Czech Koruna | CZK | EU convergence criterion candidate |
| Denmark | Copenhagen | Danish Krone | DKK | Opt-out clause; pegged to Euro |
| Hungary | Budapest | Hungarian Forint | HUF | Convergence criteria candidate |
| Poland | Warsaw | Polish ZÅ‚oty | PLN | Largest non-Euro EU economy |
| Romania | Bucharest | Romanian Leu | RON | Convergence criteria candidate |
| Sweden | Stockholm | Swedish Krona | SEK | Opt-out clause; de facto fixed to Euro |
Non-EU European Countries (17 Nations)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Type | Country Capital Currency Context |
|---|
| Albania | Tirana | Albanian Lek | ALL | Candidate | EU candidate country |
| Andorra | Andorra la Vella | Euro | EUR | Co-principality | Not EU member; uses Euro |
| Belarus | Minsk | Belarusian Ruble | BYN | Authoritarian | Under international sanctions |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | Sarajevo | Convertible Mark | BAM | Candidate | Post-conflict reconstruction |
| Iceland | Reykjavik | Icelandic Króna | ISK | EEA/EFTA | 5th highest GDP per capita: $90,284 |
| Kosovo | Pristina | Euro | EUR | De facto | Disputed territory; uses Euro |
| Liechtenstein | Vaduz | Swiss Franc | CHF | EFTA | Doubly-landlocked with Switzerland |
| Moldova | Chișinău | Moldovan Leu | MDL | Candidate | EU association; Russian tensions |
| Monaco | Monaco City | Euro | EUR | Microstate | French principality; uses Euro |
| Montenegro | Podgorica | Euro | EUR | Candidate | Independent since 2006 |
| North Macedonia | Skopje | Macedonian Denar | MKD | Candidate | Name change in 2019 |
| Norway | Oslo | Norwegian Krone | NOK | EEA/EFTA | 6th highest GDP per capita: $89,694 |
| Russia | Moscow | Russian Ruble | RUB | Transcontinental | Largest country by area; subject to sanctions |
| San Marino | San Marino City | Euro | EUR | Microstate | Oldest republic; landlocked by Italy |
| Serbia | Belgrade | Serbian Dinar | RSD | Candidate | Balanced EU-Russia relations |
| Switzerland | Bern | Swiss Franc | CHF | EFTA | Highest GDP per capita non-microstate: $104,896 |
| Ukraine | Kyiv | Ukrainian Hryvnia | UAH | Candidate | War-affected; EU integration focus |
| United Kingdom | London | Pound Sterling | GBP | Post-Brexit | Former EU member; independent monetary policy |
| Vatican City | Vatican City | Euro | EUR | Microstate | Spiritually independent; politically Italian enclave |
Europe Country Capital Currency Analysis: The European continent demonstrates the highest degree of country capital currency standardization globally, with the Euro representing shared economic sovereignty. For exam preparation, understanding Euro adoption timelines, non-adopting EU members, and the special status of EFTA nations is essential.
2.4 North America: 23 Countries (Including Caribbean)
North America's country capital currency systems reflect diverse development levels and economic integration:
Major North American Countries (3)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | 2025 GDP Ranking | GDP Per Capita | Country Capital Currency Significance |
|---|
| Canada | Ottawa | Canadian Dollar | CAD | 10th Global | $55,890 | G7 member; resource wealth |
| Mexico | Mexico City | Mexican Peso | MXN | 15th Global | $13,630 | USMCA member; manufacturing hub |
| United States | Washington, D.C. | United States Dollar | USD | 1st Global at $30.5-30.62 trillion | $89,105 | Global reserve currency; economic superpower |
Central American Countries (7)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Notable Features |
|---|
| Belize | Belmopan | Belize Dollar | BZD | English-speaking; tourism |
| Costa Rica | San José | Costa Rican Colón | CRC | Eco-tourism leader |
| El Salvador | San Salvador | United States Dollar | USD | Official dollarization |
| Guatemala | Guatemala City | Guatemalan Quetzal | GTQ | Largest Central American economy |
| Honduras | Tegucigalpa | Honduran Lempira | HNL | Challenged by gang violence |
| Nicaragua | Managua | Nicaraguan Córdoba | NIO | Political instability |
| Panama | Panama City | Panamanian Balboa/USD | PAB/USD | Strategic canal location; dollarized |
Caribbean Countries & Island Nations (13)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Type | Country Capital Currency Features |
|---|
| Antigua and Barbuda | Saint John's | East Caribbean Dollar | XCD | Dual island nation | Regional currency; tourism economy |
| Bahamas | Nassau | Bahamian Dollar | BSD | Archipelago | Tourism-dependent |
| Barbados | Bridgetown | Barbadian Dollar | BBD | Island nation | Caribbean economic leader |
| Cuba | Havana | Cuban Peso | CUP | Island nation | US-isolated economy; dual currency system |
| Dominica | Roseau | East Caribbean Dollar | XCD | Island nation | Nature-based tourism |
| Dominican Republic | Santo Domingo | Dominican Peso | DOP | Island nation | Caribbean tourism hub |
| Grenada | Saint George's | East Caribbean Dollar | XCD | Island nation | Spice Island; regional stability |
| Haiti | Port-au-Prince | Haitian Gourde | HTG | Island nation (Hispaniola) | Poorest Caribbean nation; instability |
| Jamaica | Kingston | Jamaican Dollar | JMD | Island nation | Tourism and bauxite |
| Saint Kitts & Nevis | Basseterre | East Caribbean Dollar | XCD | Dual island nation | Federation of two islands |
| Saint Lucia | Castries | East Caribbean Dollar | XCD | Island nation | Tourism and banana production |
| Saint Vincent & Grenadines | Kingstown | East Caribbean Dollar | XCD | Multi-island nation | Lesser Antilles |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Port of Spain | Trinidad and Tobago Dollar | TTD | Dual island nation | Energy sector; Caribbean leader |
East Caribbean Dollar Significance: The East Caribbean Dollar (XCD) is used by 8 Caribbean nations, making it one of the most significant regional currency unions. This country's capital currency arrangement reflects historical British colonial ties and ongoing regional economic integration.
2.5 South America: 12 Countries with Economic Diversity
South America's country capital currency systems reflect diverse economic development levels:
| Country | Capital | Capital Configuration | Currency | Code | GDP Per Capita | Country Capital Currency Notes |
|---|
| Argentina | Buenos Aires | Single capital | Argentine Peso | ARS | $12,054 | Dual capital debate; Macri proposed relocation |
| Bolivia | La Paz & Sucre | Dual capital | Boliviano | BOB | $4,121 | Administrative capital La Paz; constitutional capital Sucre |
| Brazil | BrasÃlia | Planned capital | Brazilian Real | BRL | $10,816 | Relocated capital in 1960; 10th largest economy |
| Chile | Santiago & ValparaÃso | Dual capital system | Chilean Peso | CLP | $17,927 | Executive in Santiago; legislative in ValparaÃso |
| Colombia | Bogotá | Andean capital | Colombian Peso | COP | $7,895 | Highest capital city altitude in South America |
| Ecuador | Quito | Mountain capital | United States Dollar | USD | $6,941 | Official dollarization; highest-altitude capital |
| Guyana | Georgetown | Atlantic capital | Guyanese Dollar | GYD | $30,650 | English-speaking; recent oil discoveries |
| Paraguay | Asunción | River capital | Paraguayan Guaranà | PYG | $6,033 | Landlocked; uses indigenous currency name |
| Peru | Lima | Pacific capital | Peruvian Sol | PEN | $8,570 | Historic mining economy |
| Suriname | Paramaribo | Dutch-influenced | Surinamese Dollar | SRD | $7,545 | Dutch-speaking; independent currency |
| Uruguay | Montevideo | River capital | Uruguayan Peso | UYU | $24,080 | Highest GDP per capita in South America |
| Venezuela | Caracas | Petroleum capital | Venezuelan BolÃvar | VEF | $4,122 | Hyperinflation; currency crisis; capital may relocate |
South America Country Capital Currency Highlights:
Bolivia uniquely maintains two capitals (administrative La Paz and constitutional Sucre), a rare country capital currency arrangement
Ecuador and Panama are the only South American countries officially using USD (dollarization)
Uruguay maintains the highest GDP per capita in South America at $24,080
2.6 Oceania: 14 Island Nations with Unique Currency Arrangements
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Population | Type | Country Capital Currency Context |
|---|
| Australia | Canberra | Australian Dollar | AUD | 26.9M | Planned capital | Major developed economy; currency widely traded |
| Fiji | Suva | Fijian Dollar | FJD | 0.92M | Island nation | Pacific tourism hub |
| Kiribati | South Tarawa | Australian Dollar | AUD | 0.14M | Island nation | Uses AUD for stability |
| Marshall Islands | Majuro | United States Dollar | USD | 0.04M | US freely associated | Uses USD |
| Micronesia | Palikir | United States Dollar | USD | 0.12M | US freely associated | Uses USD |
| Nauru | Yaren | Australian Dollar | AUD | 0.01M | Smallest island nation | World's smallest country by populationindif​ |
| New Zealand | Wellington | New Zealand Dollar | NZD | 5.2M | Developed economy | Pacific leader; independent monetary policy |
| Palau | Ngerulmud | United States Dollar | USD | 0.02M | US freely associated | Uses USD |
| Papua New Guinea | Port Moresby | Papua New Guinean Kina | PGK | 9.4M | Developing nation | Largest Oceania by population |
| Samoa | Apia | Samoan Tala | WST | 0.20M | Independent island | Regional tourism |
| Solomon Islands | Honiara | Solomon Islands Dollar | SBD | 0.72M | Island nation | Pacific development priority |
| Tonga | Nuku'alofa | Tongan Paʻanga | TOP | 0.10M | Island kingdom | Traditional monarchy |
| Tuvalu | Funafuti | Australian Dollar | AUD | 0.01M | Coral atoll nation | Threatened by climate change |
| Vanuatu | Port Vila | Vanuatu Vatu | VUV | 0.30M | Island nation | Tourism and financial services |
Oceania Country Capital Currency Analysis:
Six Oceania nations use the Australian Dollar (AUD), reflecting regional economic integration
Four Pacific island nations use the US Dollar under free association treaties with USA
This country capital currency arrangement reflects historical colonial ties and strategic relationships
Section 3: Advanced Data Analysis - Countries with Special Capital Arrangements
3.1 Countries with Multiple Capitals: Complete List
This represents one of the most important country capital currency facts for competitive exam preparation:
| Country | Capital Arrangement | Functions | Currency | Reason for Dual/Multiple Capitals |
|---|
| South Africa | Pretoria, Cape Town, Bloemfontein | Executive, Legislative, Judicial | South African Rand | Only country with THREE capitals - power distribution post-apartheid |
| Bolivia | La Paz & Sucre | Administrative & Constitutional | Boliviano | La Paz is de facto seat; Sucre is constitutional capital |
| Netherlands | Amsterdam & The Hague | Constitutional & Administrative | Euro | Amsterdam is official capital; The Hague houses government |
| Malaysia | Kuala Lumpur & Putrajaya | Official & Administrative | Malaysian Ringgit | Putrajaya developed to decongest Kuala Lumpur |
| Sri Lanka | Colombo & Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte | Commercial & Administrative | Sri Lankan Rupee | Colombo handles trade; new capital established 1983 |
| Chile | Santiago & ValparaÃso | Executive & Legislative | Chilean Peso | Legislative capital transferred in 1990 |
| Tanzania | Dar es Salaam & Dodoma | Economic & Official | Tanzanian Shilling | Dodoma designated capital in 1996 for centralization |
Key Exam Insight: Questions about multiple capitals frequently appear in competitive exams. South Africa's unique three-capital system is particularly important for UPSC, SSC, and general knowledge tests.
Section 4: Specialized Country Capital Currency Analysis
4.1 Landlocked Countries: 44 Nations Without Ocean Access
Landlocked nations face unique country capital currency challenges due to trade impediments:
Critical Landlocked Statistics
| Characteristic | Data | Significance |
|---|
| Total landlocked countries | 44 | 22.6% of all nations |
| Population of landlocked nations | ~640 million | Approximately 7.8% of world population​ |
| Doubly-landlocked countries | 2 (Uzbekistan, Liechtenstein) | Surrounded only by landlocked neighbors |
| Largest landlocked by area | Kazakhstan (2.72M km²) | Central Asian power |
| Smallest landlocked by area | Vatican City (0.49 km²) | Microstate enclave |
| Most landlocked countries border | 8 countries | Austria, Serbia, Zambia |
Key Landlocked Countries for Country Capital Currency Mastery
| Region | Country | Capital | Currency | Surrounding Countries | Economy Type |
|---|
| Asia | Kazakhstan | Astana | Tenge | 5 neighbors | Resource-rich |
| Nepal | Kathmandu | Nepalese Rupee | 2 neighbors (China, India) | Tourism & hydropower |
| Afghanistan | Kabul | Afghani | 6 neighbors | Conflict-affected |
| Bhutan | Thimphu | Ngultrum | 2 neighbors | Eco-tourism |
| Africa | Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | Ethiopian Birr | 6 neighbors | Most populous landlocked |
| Mali | Bamako | CFA Franc | 7 neighbors | Sahel region; unstable |
| Zambia | Lusaka | Zambian Kwacha | 8 neighbors | Copper exporter |
| Europe | Austria | Vienna | Euro | 8 neighbors | Wealthy developed nation |
| Switzerland | Bern | Swiss Franc | 5 neighbors | Highest GDP per capita landlocked |
| Czech Republic | Prague | Czech Koruna | 4 neighbors | Central European hub |
| Americas | Bolivia | La Paz/Sucre | Boliviano | 5 neighbors | Andean region |
| Paraguay | Asunción | Guaranà | 3 neighbors | River access alternative |
Landlocked Country Capital Currency Significance for Exams:
Landlocked status affects currency stability and trade costs
Nepal uses Nepalese Rupee pegged to Indian Rupee due to dependency
Swiss Franc (Switzerland) and Austrian Euro (Austria) demonstrate wealth despite landlocked status
4.2 Island Nations: 44+ Countries with Unique Monetary Systems
Island nations demonstrate distinctive country capital currency characteristics:
| Island Nation | Capital | Currency | Type | Geographic Feature | Country Capital Currency Notes |
|---|
| Japan | Tokyo | Yen | Archipelago | 4 main islands | Advanced economy; 3rd largest GDP |
| Indonesia | Jakarta | Rupiah | Archipelago | 17,000+ islands | 4th most populous; uses domestic currency |
| Philippines | Manila | Peso | Archipelago | 7,500+ islands | English-speaking; tourism hub |
| United Kingdom | London | Pound Sterling | Island | Single large island | Global financial center; former colonial power |
| Australia | Canberra | Australian Dollar | Continental | Entire continent | Major developed economy |
| New Zealand | Wellington | New Zealand Dollar | Dual islands | North & South islands | Pacific developed nation |
| Madagascar | Antananarivo | Malagasy Ariary | Island | 4th largest island | Africa's island giant; unique currency |
| Cuba | Havana | Cuban Peso | Island | Caribbean | US-isolated; dual currency system |
| Sri Lanka | Colombo | Sri Lankan Rupee | Island | Indian Ocean | Tea producer; tourism economy |
| Singapore | Singapore | Singapore Dollar | City-state | Single island | 4th highest GDP per capita globally ($92,932) |
| Iceland | Reykjavik | Icelandic Króna | Island | North Atlantic | 5th highest GDP per capita ($90,284) |
| Ireland | Dublin | Euro | Island | Atlantic island | 2nd highest GDP per capita ($108,919) |
| Cyprus | Nicosia | Euro | Island | Mediterranean | EU member; divided island​ |
| Malta | Valletta | Euro | Island | Mediterranean | Smallest EU member |
| Mauritius | Port Louis | Mauritian Rupee | Island | Indian Ocean | Highest GDP per capita Africa ($12,050) |
| Seychelles | Victoria | Seychellois Rupee | Archipelago | Indian Ocean | Tourism and financial services |
Island Nation Country Capital Currency Pattern: 44+ island nations exist globally. Many use unique currencies reflecting independence (Iceland, New Zealand, Japan), while others adopt regional currencies (Caribbean islands use East Caribbean Dollar) or external currencies (US Dollar in Pacific territories).worldpopulationreview+2​
Section 5: Global Economic Power Analysis Through Country Capital Currency
5.1 Top 10 Largest Economies and Their Country Capital Currency
Understanding the world's largest economies through their country capital currency provides crucial context:
| Rank | Country | Capital | Currency | 2025 GDP | GDP Per Capita | Growth Rate | Key Features |
|---|
| 1 | United States | Washington, D.C. | USD | $30.5-30.6T | $89,105-89,678 | 2.0-2.2% | Global reserve currency​ |
| 2 | China | Beijing | Yuan/CNY | $19.2-19.5T | $13,657-13,873 | 4.5-4.8% | Manufacturing powerhouse; 2nd global power |
| 3 | Germany | Berlin | EUR | $4.7-5.0T | $55,911-59,930 | 0.2-0.8% | European industrial leader |
| 4 | Japan | Tokyo | JPY | $4.19-4.39T | $33,955-35,611 | 1.1% | Advanced economy; aging population |
| 5 | India | New Delhi | INR | $4.13-4.27T | $2,837-2,937 | 6.5-6.6% | Fastest major economy growth; most populous |
| 6 | United Kingdom | London | GBP | $3.73-3.96T | $54,280-56,600 | 1.3-1.5% | Post-Brexit recovery |
| 7 | France | Paris | EUR | $3.21-3.36T | $46,792-49,527 | 0.7-1.1% | European culture and luxury |
| 8 | Italy | Rome | EUR | $2.42-2.54T | $41,091-43,160 | 0.5-0.8% | Mediterranean economy |
| 9 | Canada | Ottawa | CAD | $2.23-2.33T | $53,558-55,890 | 1.2-2.4% | Resource-rich developed nation |
| 10 | Brazil | BrasÃlia | BRL | $2.13-2.31T | $10,234-10,816 | 2.2% | South American leader |
Critical Insight: The country capital currency ranking shows India emerging as the 5th largest economy globally, with the fastest growth rate (6.5-6.6%) among major economies. By 2028, India is projected to overtake Germany as the 3rd largest economy.
5.2 Richest Countries by GDP Per Capita and Country Capital Currency
GDP per capita provides a different country capital currency lens—focusing on wealth per person:
| Rank | Country | Capital | Currency | GDP Per Capita 2025 | Population | Type |
|---|
| 1 | Luxembourg | Luxembourg City | EUR | $140,941-141,080 | 0.64M | Microstate; tax haven​ |
| 2 | Ireland | Dublin | EUR | $107,243-108,919 | 5.3M | EU tech hub; tax haven​ |
| 3 | Switzerland | Bern | CHF | $104,896-111,716 | 8.7M | Alpine nation; banking hub |
| 4 | Singapore | Singapore | SGD | $92,932-93,956 | 5.9M | City-state; financial hub |
| 5 | Iceland | Reykjavik | ISK | $90,111-90,284 | 0.39M | Nordic island; geothermal energy |
| 6 | Norway | Oslo | NOK | $89,320-90,320 | 5.5M | Nordic oil wealth |
| 7 | United States | Washington, D.C. | USD | $89,105-89,678 | 338-347M | Global superpower; world's largest economy |
| 8 | Qatar | Doha | QAR | $71,653-72,760 | 3.0M | Middle East; natural gas wealth |
| 9 | Denmark | Copenhagen | DKK | $71,967-74,969 | 5.9M | Nordic nation; design economy |
| 10 | Netherlands | Amsterdam | EUR | $70,606 | 17.5M | EU trade hub; agricultural exports |
Key Observation: The highest GDP per capita nations (Luxembourg, Ireland, Switzerland, Singapore) are predominantly microstates or small developed nations with specialized financial services sectors. Luxembourg specifically has the highest country capital currency wealth per capita at $140,941+.
Section 6: Special Focus - BRICS and G20 Nations
6.1 BRICS Nations: Expanding Economic Alliance
BRICS represents a growing counterweight to Western-dominated institutions:
BRICS-11 Member States (2025 Expanded Membership)
| Country | Capital | Currency | Code | Status (as of 2025) | GDP Rank | Key Feature |
|---|
| Brazil | BrasÃlia | Real | BRL | Founding member | 10th global | South American leader |
| Russia | Moscow | Ruble | RUB | Founding member | 9th global | Energy superpower; sanctions-affected |
| India | New Delhi | Rupee | INR | Founding member | 5th global | Most populous nation; fastest growth |
| China | Beijing | Yuan | CNY | Founding member | 2nd global | Global economic powerhouse |
| South Africa | Pretoria | Rand | ZAR | Founding member | Mid-tier | African leadership role |
| Egypt | Cairo | Pound | EGP | Added 2023 | 2nd Africa | African gateway nation |
| Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | Birr | ETB | Added 2023 | Low-income | Most populous landlocked; AU HQ |
| Indonesia | Jakarta | Rupiah | IDR | Added Jan 2025 | Emerging | 4th most populous |
| Iran | Tehran | Rial | IRR | Added 2023 | Sanctions-affected | Energy resources; isolated |
| Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | Riyal | SAR | Added 2024 | 16th global | Energy superpower; G20 member |
| UAE | Abu Dhabi | Dirham | AED | Added 2024 | Emerging | Modern economy; financial hub |
BRICS Country Capital Currency Developments (2025):
BRICS expanded from 5 to 11 members by 2025
Collectively represent 46% of global population and 36% of global GDP at PPP
90% of intra-BRICS trade now settles in local currencies (up from 65% two years prior)
No unified BRICS currency will be launched in near term; BRICS Pay (payment platform) targeted for 2030
BRICS Partner Countries (10 States with Limited Voting Rights)
Belarus, Bolivia, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vietnam maintain partner status.
6.2 G20 Nations: Global Economic Leadership
The G20 encompasses 19 countries plus EU and African Union:
| Country | Capital | Currency | 2025 GDP Rank | G20 Member Status | Country Capital Currency Significance |
|---|
| United States | Washington, D.C. | USD | 1st | Founding member | Chair: 2024-2025 |
| China | Beijing | Yuan | 2nd | Member | Largest developing economy representation |
| Japan | Tokyo | Yen | 4th | Founding member | Advanced economy perspective |
| Germany | Berlin | EUR | 3rd | Founding member | European industrial leader |
| India | New Delhi | Rupee | 5th | Member | Largest democracy; fastest growth |
| United Kingdom | London | GBP | 6th | Founding member | Post-Brexit economy |
| France | Paris | EUR | 7th | Founding member | EU representative |
| Italy | Rome | EUR | 8th | Founding member | Mediterranean economy |
| Canada | Ottawa | CAD | 10th | Founding member | G7 and G20 member |
| South Korea | Seoul | Won | 11-12th | Member | Advanced Asian economy |
| Russia | Moscow | Ruble | 9th | Member | Energy superpower; sanctions impact |
| Brazil | BrasÃlia | Real | 10th | Member | BRICS member; emerging power |
| Mexico | Mexico City | Peso | 15th | Member | USMCA partner; emerging market |
| Indonesia | Jakarta | Rupiah | Emerging | Member | 4th most populous; BRICS |
| Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | Riyal | 16-17th | Member | OPEC leader; BRICS member |
| Turkey | Ankara | Lira | 18-20th | Member | Bridge between Europe-Asia​ |
| Argentina | Buenos Aires | Peso | 20-25th | Member | South American economy |
| Australia | Canberra | AUD | 12-13th | Member | Asia-Pacific leader |
| South Africa | Pretoria | Rand | 30th+ | Member | BRICS member; African voice |
| EU | Brussels | EUR | Combined 2nd | Member | United economic bloc |
G20 Country Capital Currency Context: The G20 collectively represents 85% of global GDP and 75% of international trade. Understanding country capital currency relationships within the G20 provides crucial insights into global economic governance and trade dynamics.
Section 7: Practical Study Strategies for Country Capital Currency Mastery
7.1 Memory Techniques and Learning Frameworks
Regional Clustering Method:
Africa Strategy: Group by currency system (CFA Franc users: 14 countries; English-speaking shilling zones; others). Master 10-15 countries per week
Asia Strategy: Divide into South Asia (8), East Asia (7), Southeast Asia (11), West Asia (18), Central Asia (5). Focus on economic power bloc first (China, India, Japan)
Europe Strategy: Master Eurozone (20) completely before non-Euro EU (7) and non-EU nations (17). Recognize patterns: Nordic, Alpine, Mediterranean, Balkan
Mnemonic Device Examples:
West African CFA users: "BCGMNST" → Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo (examples of 14-country zone)
Landlocked Capitals: "Kathmandu, Kabul, Thimphu" (South Asia landlocked capitals sound similar, easy recall)
Triple-Capital South Africa: "Pretoria-Executive, Cape Town-Legislative, Bloemfontein-Judicial" (PMC pattern memory aid)
7.2 Time Management for Country Capital Currency Learning
6-Week Study Plan for 5000+ Word Mastery:
Week 1: Learn the African continent (54 countries) - 10-15 minutes daily
Week 2: Master the Asia continent (48 countries) - 15-20 minutes daily
Week 3: Study Europe (44 countries) - 10-15 minutes daily
Week 4: Learn Americas (35 countries) - 10-15 minutes daily
Week 5: Focus on Oceania (14 countries) + special categories (multiple capitals, landlocked, island nations) - 10 minutes daily
Week 6: Comprehensive revision + exam-style practice questions - 20-30 minutes daily
Section 8: Conclusion - Country Capital Currency as Essential Knowledge
The comprehensive mastery of country capital currency information across all 195 nations represents one of the most fundamental knowledge blocks for global competence, academic success, and competitive exam performance. This guide has provided:
Complete country capital currency data across all 6 continents with 195 nations
Advanced analysis of economic classifications, development levels, and regional integrations
Special focus on unique arrangements (multiple capitals, landlocked nations, island states, currency unions)
Practical context through G20, BRICS, and major economic alliance frameworks
Data-backed tables showing GDP rankings, per capita wealth, and population distributions
The country capital currency knowledge demonstrates interconnections between geography, politics, economics, and culture—essential for a holistic understanding of global affairs. Whether for competitive exams, academic studies, or professional development, this comprehensive country capital currency guide establishes the foundation for advanced geopolitical and economic literacy in 2025.
List of All Countries with Capitals and Currencies [2025 Updated] | Comprehensive PDF
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Download Full List as PDF
Download Complete Countries, Capitals & Currencies PDF
This updated 2025 list covers every country, its capital, and official currency—essential for exams like MBA entrance (CAT, XAT, SNAP), UPSC, SSC, and bank PO.
Table: Countries, Capitals & Currencies List 2025
Why Study Country, Capital & Currency List?
Helps in cracking General Awareness and GK sections of competitive exams.
Frequently asked in MBA GD/PI rounds, quizzes, and interviews.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: How many countries are there in 2025?
There are 195 recognized countries in 2025, including 193 UN member states plus the Vatican and Palestine.
Q2: Which country has the most widely used currency?
The US Dollar is the most widely used global currency, held as reserve and in circulation in many countries.
Q3: Can I get this full list as a PDF for exams?
Yes! Click the download button above to get the entire updated 2025 PDF.
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